Government Authority over State-Owned Immovable Property in Timor-Leste: Management and Supervision under Decree-Law No. 19/2004

José Agustinho da Costa Belo; Sequito Monteiro

doi:10.55681/seikat.v5i5.4471

Authors

José Agustinho da Costa Belo Master of Law Program, Faculty of Law, Universidade Dili, Timor-Leste
Sequito Monteiro Master of Law Program, Faculty of Law, Universidade Dili, Timor-Leste

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v5i5.4471

Keywords:

government authority, administrative supervision, Decree-Law No. 19/2004, immovable property, state assets, Timor-Leste

Abstract

Barang tidak bergerak milik negara merupakan sumber daya publik strategis yang penyewaannya memerlukan pengawasan pemerintah yang sah, akuntabel, dan konsisten. Artikel ini menganalisis kewenangan pemerintah dalam pengelolaan dan pengawasan barang tidak bergerak milik negara berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 19 Tahun 2004 tanggal 29 Desember, dengan studi kasus pada Kementerian Kehakiman–Direktorat Jenderal Pertanahan dan Properti, Dili, Timor-Leste. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keterlambatan pembayaran sewa, tidak dilakukannya pembayaran setelah pemberitahuan resmi, penyewaan kembali tanpa izin, pengalihan penggunaan kepada pihak ketiga, ketidakjelasan pengguna sebenarnya, berakhirnya kontrak, dan tetap dikuasainya objek setelah masa sewa berakhir. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus, didukung dokumen administratif, temuan pemeriksaan, dan informasi berbasis wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah memiliki kewenangan yang jelas untuk mendaftarkan, mengelola, menyewakan, mengawasi, mengendalikan, dan mengambil tindakan administratif, tetapi pelaksanaannya belum efektif karena lemahnya integrasi data, pemantauan kontrak, pengawasan pembayaran, koordinasi antarlembaga, dan tindak lanjut administratif. Data kelembagaan mengidentifikasi 82 kasus atau kondisi khusus dengan potensi kerugian negara sebesar US$1.366.112,00. Artikel ini menawarkan model pengawasan siklus sewa yang menghubungkan verifikasi status hukum, pencatatan kontrak, pemantauan pembayaran, pemeriksaan lapangan, sanksi proporsional, dan penegakan administratif yang adil.

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