Consent-Based Approach Dalam Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual: Kajian Komparatif Dan Prospek Adopsi Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia

Irpan Suriadiata; Suci Ramadhani Putri

doi:10.55681/seikat.v5i3.2554

Authors

Irpan Suriadiata Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat
Suci Ramadhani Putri Akademi Bisnis Lombok

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v5i3.2554

Keywords:

consent-based approach, sexual violence law, evidentiary model, comparative law

Abstract

: Pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS) merupakan tonggak legislatif penting dalam upaya perlindungan korban di Indonesia. Namun demikian, terdapat kesenjangan mendasar yang belum terjawab: undang-undang ini mempertahankan pendekatan pembuktian berbasis paksaan, bukan mengadopsi consent-based approach yang telah menjadi standar normatif global. Artikel ini mengkaji mengapa Indonesia belum mengadopsi consent-based approach dan apa implikasi yuridis serta sosiokultural dari pilihan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dan pendekatan komparatif-perundang-undangan, penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi model persetujuan di Swedia, Inggris, Kanada, Jepang, dan Belanda, serta mengevaluasi kompatibilitasnya dengan tradisi civil law dan konteks sosiokultural Indonesia. Penelitian menemukan bahwa adopsi penuh model affirmative consent atau communicative consent berisiko menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan ketidaksesuaian struktural. Sebagai novelty, artikel ini mengusulkan model hibrida Contextual Consent with Structural Presumption yang mempertahankan kerangka dasar UU TPKS namun menambahkan rebuttable presumption of non-consent pada relasi kuasa asimetris sebagaimana diatur Pasal 6 dan Pasal 12. Model ini, didukung panduan yudisial dan reformasi prosedural berbasis trauma, menawarkan jalur adopsi bertahap yang kompatibel dengan sistem hukum Indonesia sekaligus memperkuat perlindungan korban secara efektif.

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