Menjaga Laut atau Mengusir Penjaganya? Dilema Konservasi, Ekonomi Nelayan Kecil, dan Keadilan Adat di Pulau Damer Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/armada.v4i7.2912Keywords:
Keadilan Adat, Konservasi Laut, Masyarakat Adat, Nelayan KecilAbstract
Konservasi laut merupakan strategi penting dalam menjaga keberlanjutan ekosistem pesisir dan keanekaragaman hayati. Namun, implementasinya di wilayah masyarakat adat sering menghadirkan tantangan terkait keseimbangan antara perlindungan lingkungan, keberlanjutan ekonomi nelayan kecil, dan pengakuan hak adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak penetapan kawasan konservasi laut di Pulau Damer, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya, terhadap kehidupan masyarakat adat dan nelayan kecil yang bergantung pada sumber daya laut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif ekologi politik dan keadilan lingkungan melalui studi literatur, analisis dokumen kebijakan, serta kajian sosial, ekonomi, dan kelembagaan adat masyarakat Pulau Damer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penolakan masyarakat tidak berkaitan dengan konservasi lingkungan, tetapi dengan proses penetapan kawasan yang dinilai kurang partisipatif dan belum mengakomodasi hak petuanan laut, praktik sasi, serta hukum adat Kalwedo. Pembatasan akses wilayah tangkap juga berpotensi meningkatkan kerentanan ekonomi nelayan kecil. Keberhasilan konservasi memerlukan pengakuan hak adat, partisipasi masyarakat, dan integrasi pengetahuan lokal.
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