Pemodelan Spasial Sebaran Debu PM10 pada Aktivitas Pembongkaran Bangunan Menggunakan Interpolasi Kriging

Dinar Nurina Atpriyanti; Tri Joko Wahyu Adi; Nofalia Andriyani

doi:10.55681/armada.v4i5.2247

Authors

Dinar Nurina Atpriyanti Departemen Teknik Sipil, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
Tri Joko Wahyu Adi Departemen Teknik Sipil, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
Nofalia Andriyani Pusat Riset Sistem Industri dan Manufaktur Berkelanjutan BRIN (Badan Riset Inovasi dan Nasional), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/armada.v4i5.2247

Keywords:

Debu PM10, Interpolasi kriging, Pembongkaran, Pemodelan Spasial, Lingkungan Perkotaan

Abstract

Aktivitas pembongkaran bangunan (demolisi) di kawasan perkotaan padat dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi PM₁₀ dan menurunkan kualitas udara ambien, sementara keterbatasan jumlah titik pemantauan sering menghambat representasi sebaran debu secara kontinu. Penelitian ini menyusun skenario simulasi yang mengadaptasi tata letak pembongkaran gedung perkuliahan di Kota Surakarta, dengan titik sensor debu disusun radial dari pusat aktivitas. Data PM₁₀ simulatif berada pada rentang 100–320 µg/m³ (median 210 µg/m³; SD 63.51 µg/m³). Pemodelan spasial dilakukan menggunakan Ordinary Kriging melalui analisis semivariogram eksperimental, pemilihan model semivariogram teoretis, dan evaluasi kinerja menggunakan cross-validation (ME, RMSE, MSE, RMSSE, dan ASE). Model semivariogram Gaussian dengan transformasi logaritmik menunjukkan kinerja paling stabil, dengan parameter nugget = 0.01819, sill = 0.2292, dan nugget/sill = 0.0794 yang mengindikasikan ketergantungan spasial yang kuat. Hasil cross-validation menunjukkan ME = 3.41, RMSE = 41.588 µg/m³, MSE = 0.0656, RMSSE = 0.8157, dan ASE = 53.827 µg/m³. Peta interpolasi memperlihatkan konsentrasi PM10 yang lebih tinggi terlokalisasi di sekitar pusat demolisi dan cenderung menurun seiring bertambahnya jarak dari sumber. Pendekatan Ordinary Kriging berpotensi menjadi kerangka awal yang berguna untuk pemetaan sebaran PM₁₀dan penentuan zona prioritas mitigasi pada proyek demolisi perkotaan, meskipun masih memerlukan validasi lanjutan menggunakan data pengukuran lapangan.

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