Kekosongan Norma Parameter Dispensasi Kawin dalam Sistem Hukum Perlindungan Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v5i5.4447Keywords:
dispensasi kawin, parameter norma, perlindungan anak, kepastian hukumAbstract
Perubahan batas usia perkawinan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 ditujukan untuk memperkuat perlindungan anak dengan menetapkan usia minimum perkawinan 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan perempuan. Namun, tujuan perlindungan tersebut berhadapan dengan mekanisme dispensasi kawin dalam Pasal 7 ayat (2) yang memungkinkan pengecualian atas batas usia tersebut berdasarkan “alasan sangat mendesak” dan “bukti-bukti pendukung yang cukup”, tanpa parameter substantif yang jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana kekosongan parameter tersebut termanifestasi dalam putusan Pengadilan Agama Purwakarta dan bagaimana norma parameternya dapat direkonstruksi untuk memperkuat perlindungan anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, dengan bahan hukum berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan peraturan daerah kabupaten Purwakarta dalam pencegahan perkawinan dini yang dianalisis secara preskriptif-analitis melalui interpretasi gramatikal, sistematis, dan teleologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekosongan terutama terletak pada belum terukurnya standar urgensi alasan dan kecukupan bukti, sehingga membuka ruang diskresi dalam pemberian dispensasi. Penelitian ini menawarkan kerangka parameter berlapis yang meliputi keadaan mendesak, kebutuhan dan hubungan kausal, relevansi serta kecukupan bukti, dan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak sebagai dasar penguatan pedoman pemeriksaan dispensasi kawin.
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