BRICS sebagai Norm Entrepreneur: Konstruksi Multipolaritas dalam Tata Kelola Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v5i5.4520Keywords:
BRICS, multipolaritas, norm entrepreneur, Global South, KonstruktivismeAbstract
Kemunculan BRICS memunculkan perdebatan mengenai perannya dalam membentuk kembali tatanan dan norma tata kelola global. Kajian mengenai BRICS selama ini banyak menekankan aspek kekuatan material, pembangunan institusi, dan tantangannya terhadap tatanan internasional yang ada, sementara perannya sebagai norm entrepreneur kolektif masih kurang mendapat perhatian. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana BRICS membangun dan mempromosikan multipolaritas sebagai kerangka normatif alternatif dalam tata kelola global. Dengan menggunakan perspektif konstruktivism dan konsep norm entrepreneurship, penelitian ini menganalisis deklarasi, dokumen resmi BRICS, serta literatur akademik yang relevan untuk mengidentifikasi gagasan normatif yang digunakan BRICS dalam mengartikulasikan visi mengenai perubahan tatanan global. Analisis berfokus pada konstruksi multipolaritas melalui keterkaitan antara prinsip kesetaraan kedaulatan, solidaritas Global South, reformasi institusi internasional, dan penolakan terhadap unilateralisme. Artikel ini beragrumen bahwa BRICS berperan sebagai norm entreprenur kolektif dengan membingkai multipolaritas bukan semata-mata sebagai redistribusi kekuatan material, tetapi sebagai alternatif pemahaman mengenai tata kelola global yang lebih representatif dan setara. Namun, promosi norma tersebut tetap menghadapi keterbatasan akibat perbedaan kepentingan internal dan kesenjangan antara klaim normatif dan praktik institusional BRICS.
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