Menuju Strict Liability: Rekonstruksi Penegakan Hukum Pidana terhadap Pencemaran Sungai Citarum oleh Industri Tekstil

Karlin Z. Mamu; Nirwan Junus; Regi Mokodongan; Melki T. Tunggati

doi:10.55681/seikat.v5i3.2119

Authors

Karlin Z. Mamu Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Kota Gorontalo, 91111, Indonesia
Nirwan Junus Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Kota Gorontalo, 91111, Indonesia
Regi Mokodongan Program Studi Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Universitas Bina Taruna Gorontalo, 91111, Indonesia
Melki T. Tunggati Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Bina Taruna Gorontalo, 91111, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v5i3.2119

Keywords:

Penegakan Hukum Pidana Lingkungan, Pencemaran Sungai Citarum, Industri Tekstil, Strict Liability, Deterrence Effect

Abstract

Sungai Citarum mengalami pencemaran berat akibat limbah industri tekstil, namun penegakan hukum pidana belum memberikan efek jera yang memadai. Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas penegakan hukum pidana terhadap pencemaran Sungai Citarum oleh industri tekstil di kawasan Majalaya, Kabupaten Bandung, dengan mengidentifikasi kendala struktural dan merumuskan model penegakan hukum yang lebih efektif. Menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris dengan metode studi literatur, yaitu analisis dokumen hukum, dan anlisis jurnal penelitian yang berhubungan dan menjadi basis studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 64 kasus pelanggaran, hanya 9,4% diproses secara pidana, sementara 90,6% diselesaikan melalui sanksi administratif yang tidak efektif mencegah pelanggaran berulang. Kendala utama meliputi lemahnya pengawasan pasca program nasional, kesulitan pembuktian teknis pencemaran, tumpang tindih kewenangan antar lembaga, dan rendahnya penerapan prinsip strict liability. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan reformulasi mekanisme penegakan berbasis pidana dengan penerapan strict liability, standar verifikasi IPAL berbasis monitoring online real-time, dan model koordinasi kelembagaan terpadu untuk meningkatkan deterrence effect dan keberlanjutan perlindungan lingkungan.

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