Developing a Technopark Governance Model: A Hexa Helix Integration Approach to Enhancing Financial Self-Sufficiency in Public Vocational Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/ijssh.v4i3.3902Keywords:
Technopark Governance, Hexa Helix, Teaching Factory, BLUD, Financial Self-SufficiencyAbstract
Teaching Factory programs in Indonesian vocational high schools (SMK) with Regional Public Service Agency (Badan Layanan Umum Daerah/BLUD) status did not fully integrate learning, production, marketing, and multi-stakeholder collaboration into a single governance system, which limited schools' capacity to generate income beyond the monthly student development contribution. This study developed a Technopark governance model that integrated Teaching Factory standards, BLUD financial management principles, and Hexa Helix collaboration to strengthen vocational schools' capacity for financial self-sufficiency. The study followed Plomp's developmental research design, comprising preliminary investigation, prototyping, and assessment phases, and involved three vocational schools in Malang Raya, East Java. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, expert validation questionnaires, and structured observation, then analyzed descriptively. Expert validation indicated the model was valid (89.38%), and a limited field trial indicated it was highly practical and acceptable (89.24%). The finalized model comprised three integrated layers: Teaching Factory as the learning-production foundation, technopark-BLUD governance as the operational layer, and a Hexa Helix ecosystem involving government, industry, academia, media, community, and society as external support. The model offers vocational schools a validated conceptual and operational framework for strengthening income-generating capacity while sustaining their core educational function; its actual effect on schools' financial performance remains to be tested through longer-term implementation.
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