Determinants of the Human Development Index for Women: The Role of Education and Income Inequality

Pebrianti Pawestri; Yayuk Rufiatun; Riki Haryono; Tri Suseno Aji; Ichwan Putra Arianto

doi:10.55681/economina.v5i5.2163

Authors

Pebrianti Pawestri Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
Yayuk Rufiatun Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
Riki Haryono Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
Tri Suseno Aji Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
Ichwan Putra Arianto Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v5i5.2163

Keywords:

Gender, Sustainable Development Goals, Women’s Empowerment

Abstract

Women's empowerment is an important step in creating equitable and sustainable development. Women not only play a role within the family sphere, but also have a significant contribution in the fields of education, economics, social affairs, and national development to demonstrate their capacity and potential as human resources capable of driving economic growth and improving community welfare. This study aims to examine the effect of Expected Years of Schooling and the Gini Index on the Human Development Index (HDI) of Women in Banten Province for the period 2020–2025. Women's human development is an important indicator in measuring the quality of life of women through aspects of education, health, and economic welfare. Expected Years of Schooling reflects women's access to education, while the Gini Index illustrates the level of income inequality in society. This study uses a quantitative approach with time series data for the period 2020–2025 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with the help of the E-Views application. The results show that Expected Years of Schooling has a positive and significant effect on the HDI of Women with a coefficient value of 6.225901 and a probability of 0.039 0 <0.05. Meanwhile, the Gini Index has a negative and significant effect on the Female Human Development Index with a coefficient value of -47.10225 and a probability of 0.0464 < 0.05. Simultaneously, Expected Years of Schooling and the Gini Index have a significant effect on the Female Human Development Index with an F-statistic probability value of 0.018708 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.929528 indicates that 92.95% of the variation in the Female Human Development Index can be explained by the Expected Years of Schooling and the Gini Index variables, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the study. Increasing access to women's education and reducing income inequality are important factors in improving the quality of women's human development in Banten Province.

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