Dari Filantropi Ke Konspirasi: Anatomi Disinformasi Vaksin Berbasis Narasi Gates-Epstein dalam Jaringan Media Digital

Rustini Floranita; Johanes Herlijanto

doi:10.55681/armada.v4i5.2246

Authors

Rustini Floranita Program Studi Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
Johanes Herlijanto Program Studi Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/armada.v4i5.2246

Keywords:

Disinformasi Vaksin, Malinformasi, Media Digital, Kedaulatan Kognitif

Abstract

Studi ini menganalisis transformasi narasi pertemuan Bill Gates–Jeffrey Epstein menjadi mesin produksi keraguan vaksin lintas batas pada periode 2019–2026, serta proses lokalisasinya di Indonesia setelah pengumuman uji klinis Fase 3 vaksin tuberkulosis M72/AS01E pada 7 Mei 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur kritis berbasis PRISMA terhadap 23 sumber, dipadukan dengan lima studi kasus regional (Afrika, Pakistan, Australia, Eropa, dan Amerika Serikat) serta satu studi kasus Indonesia. Kerangka analisis mengintegrasikan information disorder, network society, dan teori konspirasi untuk menjelaskan dinamika penyebaran disinformasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa narasi Gates–Epstein berfungsi sebagai bentuk malinformation yang diproduksi dari satu fakta yang dipersenjatai, kemudian menyebar melalui empat tahap: produksi, amplifikasi, distribusi, dan erosi kepercayaan institusional. Sejak 2024, kecerdasan buatan generatif mempercepat eskalasi penyebaran secara signifikan. Di Indonesia, narasi global tersebut mengalami lokalisasi melalui penggabungan tagar global dan lokal yang menciptakan validasi semu, serta berkontribusi pada meningkatnya skeptisisme terhadap program imunisasi. Studi ini menawarkan kebaruan berupa dokumentasi kasus Indonesia 2025, model arsitektur empat tahap disinformasi lintas platform, dan konsep kedaulatan kognitif sebagai kerangka kebijakan literasi digital di era AI generatif.

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