Pengaruh Surfactant dalam Delignifikasi Oksigen terhadap Kualitas Bilangan Kappa, Viskositas dan Brightness Pulp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/armada.v4i5.2243Keywords:
Surfactant, Oxygen Delignification, Kappa Number, Viscosity, BrightnessAbstract
Proses pemutihan pulp memerlukan pengendalian bilangan kappa, viskositas, dan brightness untuk menghasilkan kualitas pulp yang optimal. Namun, peningkatan reduksi bilangan kappa sering kali diikuti penurunan viskositas yang tinggi sehingga menurunkan selektivitas proses pemutihan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan bahan kimia pembantu berupa surfaktan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas proses pemutihan pulp. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jenis dan dosis surfaktan terbaik yang mampu menghasilkan reduksi bilangan kappa lebih dari 35% dengan tetap menjaga viskositas serta meningkatkan brightness. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan tiga jenis surfaktan, yaitu Surfactant A, Surfactant B, dan Surfactant C dengan variasi dosis blanko, 100, 200, 300, dan 400 ppm. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi bilangan kappa, viskositas, selektivitas, dan brightness. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Surfactant A optimum pada dosis 100 ppm dengan selektivitas 3,15 poin dan brightness 37,2 %ISO, Surfactant B optimum pada dosis 300 ppm dengan selektivitas 3,20 poin dan brightness 37,0 %ISO, sedangkan Surfactant C optimum pada dosis 300 ppm dengan selektivitas 3,27 poin dan brightness 37,7 %ISO. Seluruh kondisi optimum menghasilkan reduksi bilangan kappa lebih dari 35%. Dengan demikian, Surfactant C pada dosis 300 ppm merupakan surfaktan paling efektif dalam meningkatkan selektivitas dan kualitas proses pemutihan pulp.
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