Analysis of the Influence of Income Inequality, Unemployment, and Human Development on Poverty Levels in Palopo City

Yusnan Yusnan; Haedar Haedar; Muhammad Kasran

doi:10.55681/economina.v5i8.3792

Authors

Yusnan Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo, Indonesia
Haedar Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo, Indonesia
Muhammad Kasran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v5i8.3792

Keywords:

Income Inequality, Unemployment, Human Development, Poverty

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of income inequality, unemployment rate, and Human Development Index (HDI) on poverty levels in Palopo City. This study uses a quantitative approach with causal associative design and secondary data in the form of an annual time series for the period 2016–2025 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Palopo City and South Sulawesi Province. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study showed that partially income inequality had a positive but insignificant effect on the poverty rate, while the unemployment rate had a negative but insignificant effect on the poverty rate. On the other hand, HDI has a negative and significant effect on poverty rates, which suggests that improving the quality of human development through education, health, and a decent standard of living can reduce poverty. Simultaneously, income inequality, unemployment rate, and HDI have a significant effect on the poverty rate in Palopo City.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aida, Aida, Dina Hermina, and Norlaila Norlaila. 2025. “Jenis Data Penelitian Kuantitatif (Korelasional, Komparatif, Dan Eksperimen).” Al-Manba 10, no. 1: 31–40.

Azhari, Muhammad Taufiq, M Pd Al Fajri Bahri, M Si Asrul, and Tien Rafida. 2023. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Palopo. 2025. “Profil Kemiskinan Kota Palopo Maret 2024.” Palopo.

https://palopokota.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2025/01/13/149/profil-kemiskinan-kota-palopo-maret-2024.html.

Fabela, Zikram, and Arin Khairunnisa. 2024. “Dampak Kesenjangan Sosial Di Indonesia.” SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah 3, no. 6: 3158–64.

Guguraty, Injilia, Tri Oldy Rotinsulu, and Wensy F I Rompas. 2025. “Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Pengangguran Dan Tenaga Kerja Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan.” Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi 2, no. 3: 179–99.

Gumelar, Shidiq, and Subaidi Qomar. 2025. “Pembangunan Berbasis Kebebasan Amartya Sen: Konsep Dan Implikasi Terhadap Pembangunan Di Indonesia.” NAAFI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa 1, no. 3: 260–69.

Hastin, Mira, and Ferry Siswadhi. 2021. “Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Investasi, Tingkat Inflasi, Dan Pengangguran Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Jambi.” Jurnal Ekonomi Sakti (Jes) 10, no. 1: 1–22.

Joya, Moch Raffi Eka Putra. 2025. “Analisis Pengaruh Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, Upah Minimimum Terhadap Kemiskinan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.” Proceedings of Pekan Akademik Masyarakat Ekonomi Pembangunan Indonesia Tahunan 2, no. 1: 41–47.

Karonika, SIHITE, Fatimah Fatimah, Monika Sagala Santi, Asnidar Asnidar, and Ridha Ahmad. 2023. “Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Di Provinsi Jawa Timur.” Santri: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Islam Учредители: Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Dan Bisnis Indonesia 2, no. 1: 22–33.

Kundhani, Eranus Yoga, Yuhana Astuti, Desry Jonelda Louhenapessy, Rukmuin Wilda Payapo, Ali Tutupoho, Abdul Azis Laitupa, Fahrudin Ramly, Atika Fatimah, Nur Imam Saifuloh, and Bin Raudha Arif Hanoeboen. 2024. Ekonomi Pembangunan: Dinamika Dan Tantangan Global. Mifandi Mandiri Digital.

Maharani, Chika, Devi Amelia Ningrum, Aulia Eka Fatmawati, and Arif Fadilla. 2024. “Dampak Kemiskinan Terhadap Kualitas Pendidikan Anak Di Indonesia: Rekomendasi Kebijakan Yang Efektif.” Journal of Macroeconomics and Social Development 1, no. 3: 1–10.

Maskur, Sitti Rachma Ramadhani, Hasan Aedy, Zainuddin Saenong, Saemu Alwi, and La Ode Samsul Barani. 2023. “Pengaruh Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Pengangguran Dn Pembangunan Manusia Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Indonesia Periode 2017-2021.” Jurnal Progres Ekonomi Pembangunan (JPEP) 8, no. 1: 82–95.

Meidiyan, Heni. 2025. “Pengaruh Upah Minimum, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan Di Provinsi Jambi.” Ekopedia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi 1, no. 3: 623–36.

Mulyani, Ika, Ahmad Ridha, and Miswar. 2024. “Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), Ketimpangan Pendapatan Dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Aceh.” Journal of Economics, Bussiness and Management Issues Volume: 2,: 123–28. https://economics.pubmedia.id/ index.php/jebmi/article/view/544/431.

Nabila, Sabrina, Siti Nurjanah, and Siti Fatimah Zahra. 2026. “Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Pengangguran Dan Ketimpangan Pendapatan Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2024.” Ekopedia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi 2, no. 1: 813–33.

Prasetyoningrum, Ari Kristin, and U Sulia Sukmawati. 2018. “Analisis Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Pengangguran Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Indonesia.” Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah 6, no. 2: 217–40.

Putri, Ayudia Amalia, Muhammad Ikbal, and Syarigawir Syarigawir. 2025. “Pengaruh Tingkat Pengangguran Terhadap Angka Kemiskinan Di Kabupaten Sinjai.” Abdurrauf Science and Society 1, no. 2: 93–106.

Qarina, Qarina. 2022. “Analisis Pengaruh Pengeluaran Pemerintah, Pengangguran, Dan Inflasi Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Indonesia 2005-2021.” Kinerja: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen 19, no. 4: 816–26.

Saragih, Rizky Febrian, Purnama Ramadhani Silalahi, and Khairina Tambunan. 2022. “Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Indonesia Tahun 2007–2021.” PESHUM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Humaniora 1, no. 2: 71–79.

Sari, Mila, Dian Jayantari, Putri K Hedo, Muhammad Hatta, Kencana Sari, Wara Alfa Syukrilla, Nani Sari Murni, Mohammad Wasil, and Bambang Suhartawan. 2022. “Metodologi Penelitian: Kuantitatif Korelasional.” Get Press Indonesia.

Wulansari, Rika Yuli, Nurul Fadhilah, Miftakhul Huda, Ahmad Zainal Abidin, and Agus Eko Sujianto. 2023. “Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kemiskinan Di Indonesia.” Journal of Economic, Management, Accounting and Technology 6, no. 1: 82–95.