Diverging Pathways of Inclusive Green Growth: Evidence From China and India

Binta Zulfia; Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri; Etty Soesilowati; Wen-Chi Huang

doi:10.55681/economina.v5i5.2072

Authors

Binta Zulfia Faculty of Economics and Business, StateUniversity of Malang, Indonesia
Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Malang, Indonesia
Etty Soesilowati Faculty of Economics and Business, StateUniversity of Malang, Indonesia
Wen-Chi Huang College of Management, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v5i5.2072

Keywords:

Inclusive Green Growth, BRICS, Sustainable Development, and Public Policy

Abstract

The global discourse on sustainable development increasingly emphasizes Inclusive Green Growth (IGG), which integrates economic performance, social equity, and environmental sustainability. Among developing countries, China and India are two major growth engines within the BRICS group, yet their development trajectories show different patterns in balancing expansion with sustainability. China’s rapid industrialization and technological advancement were accompanied by significant environmental pressures in the pre-pandemic era, whereas India’s growth has been relatively more gradual and balanced, with social challenges and lower per capita emissions. Comparative literature on inclusive green growth between China and India using a multidimensional framework remains limited. Therefore, this study constructs and compares the Inclusive Green Growth Index (IGGI) for China and India by incorporating indicators across three pillars: economic performance, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability. The Balanced Inclusive Green Growth Index (BIGGI) is also employed to evaluate equity across these pillars. Robustness testing is conducted using Shannon entropy. This study provides empirical insights into the comparative dynamics of inclusive green growth and highlights structural differences in the development pathways of the two countries.

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