SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum

Sah tetapi Tidak Diterima: Legitimacy Gap dalam Penertiban Aset Daerah di Provinsi Lampung

Theo Reynol Sandy — 2026-10-07

Penertiban aset daerah kerap menghadirkan paradoks: tindakan yang sah menurut hukum justru ditolak warga sebagai tidak adil. Penelitian ini menganalisis penertiban aset Pemerintah Provinsi Lampung di Kelurahan Sukarame Baru dan Desa Sabah Balau (2025) untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan: mengapa benturan antara pengamanan aset publik dan perlindungan hak sosial warga tidak terjembatani, dan sejauh mana pelaksanaannya memenuhi keadilan sosial serta proporsionalitas. Studi kasus kualitatif ini menggunakan wawancara mendalam terhadap sepuluh informan, observasi partisipatif yang direduksi menjadi 76 unit temuan terkode, dan studi dokumen termasuk catatan satuan tugas, dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil menunjukkan tiga kondisi struktural: pendefinisian masalah yang tunggal secara legalistik; ketiadaan mekanisme dan aktor penjembatan, sebab mobilisasi 1.200 personel tidak diimbangi basis data sosial yang hanya merekam nama dan jumlah penghuni bagi kurang lebih 102 jiwa; serta asimetri posisi negara dan warga yang tidak dikelola. Warga menerima status hukum lahan tetapi menolak caranya, sehingga kelancaran tahap kedua — 27 dari 30 bidang dibongkar mandiri sebulan sebelum pelaksanaan — terbaca sebagai kepatuhan pasif. Uji proporsionalitas menemukan suitability terpenuhi hanya secara administratif, sedangkan necessity dan balancing tidak, menandakan absennya proportionality gate. Legitimacy gap terbukti merupakan konsekuensi desain kebijakan yang berangkat dari legalitas, bukan dari perencanaan sosial.

Eksekusi Hipotek Kapal Terhadap Debitur Wanprestasi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pelayaran

Ernawati Suwarno — 2026-10-07

Ship mortgage is a form of proprietary security that has a strategic position in financing shipping activities because registered ships may be used as collateral to secure the repayment of specific debts. Legal issues arise when a debtor defaults, as the executorial force attached to the Grosse Akta Hipotek does not, by itself, guarantee the effective enforcement of the mortgage against the ship. This study aims to analyze the regulation of ship mortgages, the legal position of the Grosse Akta Hipotek, the mechanism for enforcing ship mortgages against defaulting debtors, and the legal certainty of their enforcement. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through an analysis of the Shipping Law, the Indonesian Civil Code, the Commercial Code, and relevant legal literature and research. The results show that the Shipping Law grants the Grosse Akta Hipotek executorial force equivalent to a final and binding court judgment. However, enforcement remains problematic when the ship is sailing, conducting loading and unloading activities, or located outside Indonesian jurisdiction. These circumstances indicate the need to harmonize enforcement mechanisms so that the security rights over ships do not remain merely normative but can be effectively realized in resolving default.

Implementasi Port State Measures Agreement 2009 dalam Penanggulangan Illegal Fishing : Studi Komparatif Indonesia dan Thailand

Nadea Lathifah Nugraheni — 2026-10-07

Illegal Fishing is a cross-border problem in fisheries management that requires strengthened monitoring of fishing vessels, including through port-based controls. The Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA) 2009 serves as an international legal instrument that strengthens the authority of port States to control access, conduct inspections, exchange information, and take measures against vessels suspected of engaging in Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the PSMA 2009 in combating Illegal Fishing in Indonesia and Thailand and to identify the similarities and differences in its implementation. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results show that Indonesia and Thailand have incorporated the PSMA 2009 into their respective national legal frameworks and implemented port access controls, vessel inspections, information exchange, and law enforcement measures. The similarities lie in the use of ports as a mechanism for monitoring foreign fishing vessels, while differences are found in national legal frameworks, institutional mechanisms, supporting monitoring systems, and implementation challenges. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening institutional capacity and coordination to improve the effectiveness of PSMA 2009 implementation.