International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

Impact of Key Factors on Student Satisfaction in Private Universities of Balkh Province: A Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis

Abdulkhaliq Qarizada — 2026-02-23

This study investigates the impact of key factors on overall student satisfaction in private universities in Balkh Province, Afghanistan. Five primary factors teaching quality, educational facilities, administrative management, social environment, and costs were examined as independent variables. Data were collected from 350 students using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed through multivariate linear regression in SPSS. The statistical analysis revealed that the model explains 97.7% of the variance in overall student satisfaction, indicating high explanatory power. Findings suggest that teaching quality, educational facilities, and administrative management have a significant positive impact on student satisfaction, while social environment and costs showed no significant effect. Among these, teaching quality emerged as the strongest predictor, playing a pivotal role in enhancing students’ academic experience and motivation. These results align with prior research and underscore the importance of improving educational processes and efficient management to elevate student satisfaction. Given the local context of Afghanistan and post-COVID-19 challenges, this study introduces novelty by exploring the influence of digital technology on satisfaction factors. Based on the findings, it is recommended that universities prioritize faculty development, upgrade educational facilities, and streamline administrative systems to enhance educational quality and student experience. Future research should adopt a broader approach to examine the role of costs, financial equity in education, and digital factors in student satisfaction.

Software Engineering Approaches for Building Intelligent Systems in Public Service and Community Development

Popal — 2026-02-23

The growing integration of intelligent systems in public services and community development highlights the need for robust software engineering approaches. This study systematically reviews literature published between 2018 and 2025 to examine the design, implementation, and ethical integration of intelligent systems in public sector contexts. Using databases such as IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Emerald Insight, and MDPI, 230 records were initially identified, with 20 peer-reviewed articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Findings reveal that requirements engineering, agile development, and model-driven design are effective in creating adaptive, scalable, and citizen-centric systems. Ethical and accountability considerations, participatory design, and governance frameworks are essential to foster trust and inclusivity. Challenges such as infrastructure limitations, workforce gaps, and technical barriers were noted, alongside opportunities for enhanced efficiency, automation, and citizen engagement. Overall, integrating technical rigor with ethical and participatory practices ensures the successful adoption of intelligent systems in public services.

Islamic Boarding School-Based Education in Challenging Ethnic Stereotypes and Social Resistance: Lessons from a Multicultural Community in Indonesia

Murdianto — 2026-02-23

This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic education based on pesantren in challenging ethnic stereotypes and reducing social resistance in multicultural societies in Indonesia. Pesantren has so far not only functioned as a religious education institution, but also as a social space that brings together students from various ethnic, linguistic, cultural, and social class backgrounds. In the context of increasing identity polarization, social prejudice, and societal fragmentation, pesantren have strategic potential in building social cohesion through the values of ukhuwah, tolerance, deliberation, and respect for diversity. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-site study design in several multicultural Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, documentation, and targeted group discussions with caregivers, teachers, students, alumni, and the surrounding community. Data analysis is carried out through data reduction, theme categorization, source triangulation, and critical interpretation. The results of the study showed that pesantren education practices were able to deconstruct ethnic stereotypes through collective life in dormitories, collaborative learning, shared religious traditions, and inclusive kiai leadership. In addition, social resistance from the surrounding community can be minimized through community service programs, cultural dialogue, and cross-community social networks. This research emphasizes that pesantren is a transformative Islamic education model that is relevant in strengthening national integration and caring for Indonesia's diversity. The implications of this study encourage the strengthening of a multicultural curriculum based on moderate Islamic values in religious education institutions.

Dispute Resolution Strategies, and Practical Implications for Cross-Border Trade and Investment in the Era of Globalization

Dzaki Aulia — 2026-02-23

Cross-border trade and investment are growing with globalization, but the complexity of international contractual relationships poses a significant risk of dispute. International contract disputes can arise due to differences in national law, contract interpretation, and regulatory uncertainty across jurisdictions. This article aims to analyze effective dispute resolution strategies in international contracts as well as their practical implications for global business people. The research method uses a qualitative approach with literature studies from legal literature, international arbitration reports, and contract practice documents. The results of the analysis show that the most effective dispute resolution strategies include the use of international arbitration, mediation, as well as the application of clear dispute resolution clauses in contracts. In addition, adaptation to international legal standards such as the UNCITRAL Model Law and the arbitration arrangements of institutions such as the ICC, LCIA, and SIAC have been shown to increase legal certainty and reduce the risk of lengthy litigation. Practical implications for cross-border trade and investment include the protection of contractual rights, increased investor confidence, and the strengthening of long-term business relationships. This article recommends the need to integrate dispute resolution strategies in the drafting of international contracts, adaptation to local regulations, and a deep understanding of global arbitration practices. These findings are relevant for academics, legal practitioners, and business actors involved in international transactions to minimize legal risks and maximize the effectiveness of contracts in the era of globalization.

Seloko Adat Melayu Jambi: Educational Values and Their Relevance in History Learning in High School

Aldo Toto Setyanugraha — 2026-02-23

Seloko Adat Melayu Jambi is a form of customary expression rich in life philosophy, moral values, and social guidance; however, its significance has begun to fade as younger generations increasingly struggle to understand the figurative language used in seloko. This condition has resulted in the educational values embedded within it no longer being fully internalized, including within the context of formal education. In history education, seloko holds great potential as a source of learning based on local wisdom that can connect cultural identity with the character development of students. This study aims to describe the educational values contained in Seloko Adat Melayu Jambi and to analyze their relevance to history learning at the senior high school level. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through field observations in Jambi City, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, cultural figures, and history teachers, as well as documentation studies and analysis of literature related to seloko and history education. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing in accordance with the qualitative analysis model. The findings indicate that Seloko Adat Melayu Jambi contains five main educational values, namely religious, moral/ethical, social, cultural, and intellectual values. These values are aligned with the goals of character education and have strong relevance to the competencies of history learning at the senior high school level, particularly in strengthening understanding of local culture, fostering critical attitudes, and developing students’ identities. Seloko can be utilized as a contextual source of history learning because it links historical material with students’ real-life experiences, thereby enhancing meaning-making, cultural appreciation, and the overall quality of history learning based on local wisdom

Settlement Problem Encroachment in Area Conservation Reserve Natural Mountains Cyclops Through Track Non-litigation

Deppa Ringgi — 2026-02-28

Encroachment of conservation areas is a serious threat to the sustainability of the ecosystem, including in the Cyclops Mountains Nature Reserve, Jayapura, Papua Law enforcement through litigation is often ineffective and does not provide optimal results. This study aims to examine the resolution of encroachment conflicts in the Cycloop Mountains Nature Reserve through non-litigation channels. This study is a qualitative study, with normative legal methods and a descriptive analytical approach. The results of the analysis indicate that non-litigation resolution through mediation, negotiation, and empowerment of communities around the Cycloop Mountains Nature Reserve can be a more effective alternative in resolving encroachment problems. This approach is in line with the spirit of inclusive conservation area protection and recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples.