Saleh, A., T. Irmayani, and H. Thamrin. “Formal Learning Still Dominates: A Qualitative Coding Analysis of Civil Servant Competence Development in Medan City Government”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 4, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 908-16, doi:10.55681/ijssh.v4i2.2939.